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Von Neumann Neighborhood Visualization

Fire spreads only to the 4 cardinal neighbors (North, South, East, West) - this is the Von Neumann neighborhood. Compare with Moore neighborhood (8 neighbors including diagonals) to see how topology affects percolation. Von Neumann requires higher density (~59%) than Moore (~41%) for percolation.
Spread Patterns
Tree (unburned)
Active Fire
Ember (fading)
Empty/Burned
Von Neumann (4 neighbors)
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→
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Critical Thresholds:
Von Neumann: ~59%
Moore: ~41%